<?php

namespace Illuminate\Database;

use Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Query\Expression;
use Illuminate\Support\Traits\Macroable;
use RuntimeException;

abstract class Grammar
{
    use Macroable;

    /**
     * The connection used for escaping values.
     *
     * @var \Illuminate\Database\Connection
     */
    protected $connection;

    /**
     * The grammar table prefix.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $tablePrefix = '';

    /**
     * Wrap an array of values.
     *
     * @param  array  $values
     * @return array
     */
    public function wrapArray(array $values)
    {
        return array_map([$this, 'wrap'], $values);
    }

    /**
     * Wrap a table in keyword identifiers.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Query\Expression|string  $table
     * @return string
     */
    public function wrapTable($table)
    {
        if ($this->isExpression($table)) {
            return $this->getValue($table);
        }

        // If the table being wrapped has an alias we'll need to separate the pieces
        // so we can prefix the table and then wrap each of the segments on their
        // own and then join these both back together using the "as" connector.
        if (stripos($table, ' as ') !== false) {
            return $this->wrapAliasedTable($table);
        }

        // If the table being wrapped has a custom schema name specified, we need to
        // prefix the last segment as the table name then wrap each segment alone
        // and eventually join them both back together using the dot connector.
        if (str_contains($table, '.')) {
            $table = substr_replace($table, '.'.$this->tablePrefix, strrpos($table, '.'), 1);

            return collect(explode('.', $table))
                ->map($this->wrapValue(...))
                ->implode('.');
        }

        return $this->wrapValue($this->tablePrefix.$table);
    }

    /**
     * Wrap a value in keyword identifiers.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Query\Expression|string  $value
     * @return string
     */
    public function wrap($value)
    {
        if ($this->isExpression($value)) {
            return $this->getValue($value);
        }

        // If the value being wrapped has a column alias we will need to separate out
        // the pieces so we can wrap each of the segments of the expression on its
        // own, and then join these both back together using the "as" connector.
        if (stripos($value, ' as ') !== false) {
            return $this->wrapAliasedValue($value);
        }

        // If the given value is a JSON selector we will wrap it differently than a
        // traditional value. We will need to split this path and wrap each part
        // wrapped, etc. Otherwise, we will simply wrap the value as a string.
        if ($this->isJsonSelector($value)) {
            return $this->wrapJsonSelector($value);
        }

        return $this->wrapSegments(explode('.', $value));
    }

    /**
     * Wrap a value that has an alias.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return string
     */
    protected function wrapAliasedValue($value)
    {
        $segments = preg_split('/\s+as\s+/i', $value);

        return $this->wrap($segments[0]).' as '.$this->wrapValue($segments[1]);
    }

    /**
     * Wrap a table that has an alias.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return string
     */
    protected function wrapAliasedTable($value)
    {
        $segments = preg_split('/\s+as\s+/i', $value);

        return $this->wrapTable($segments[0]).' as '.$this->wrapValue($this->tablePrefix.$segments[1]);
    }

    /**
     * Wrap the given value segments.
     *
     * @param  array  $segments
     * @return string
     */
    protected function wrapSegments($segments)
    {
        return collect($segments)->map(function ($segment, $key) use ($segments) {
            return $key == 0 && count($segments) > 1
                            ? $this->wrapTable($segment)
                            : $this->wrapValue($segment);
        })->implode('.');
    }

    /**
     * Wrap a single string in keyword identifiers.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return string
     */
    protected function wrapValue($value)
    {
        if ($value !== '*') {
            return '"'.str_replace('"', '""', $value).'"';
        }

        return $value;
    }

    /**
     * Wrap the given JSON selector.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return string
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException
     */
    protected function wrapJsonSelector($value)
    {
        throw new RuntimeException('This database engine does not support JSON operations.');
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given string is a JSON selector.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function isJsonSelector($value)
    {
        return str_contains($value, '->');
    }

    /**
     * Convert an array of column names into a delimited string.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     * @return string
     */
    public function columnize(array $columns)
    {
        return implode(', ', array_map([$this, 'wrap'], $columns));
    }

    /**
     * Create query parameter place-holders for an array.
     *
     * @param  array  $values
     * @return string
     */
    public function parameterize(array $values)
    {
        return implode(', ', array_map([$this, 'parameter'], $values));
    }

    /**
     * Get the appropriate query parameter place-holder for a value.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return string
     */
    public function parameter($value)
    {
        return $this->isExpression($value) ? $this->getValue($value) : '?';
    }

    /**
     * Quote the given string literal.
     *
     * @param  string|array  $value
     * @return string
     */
    public function quoteString($value)
    {
        if (is_array($value)) {
            return implode(', ', array_map([$this, __FUNCTION__], $value));
        }

        return "'$value'";
    }

    /**
     * Escapes a value for safe SQL embedding.
     *
     * @param  string|float|int|bool|null  $value
     * @param  bool  $binary
     * @return string
     */
    public function escape($value, $binary = false)
    {
        if (is_null($this->connection)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("The database driver's grammar implementation does not support escaping values.");
        }

        return $this->connection->escape($value, $binary);
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given value is a raw expression.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isExpression($value)
    {
        return $value instanceof Expression;
    }

    /**
     * Transforms expressions to their scalar types.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Contracts\Database\Query\Expression|string|int|float  $expression
     * @return string|int|float
     */
    public function getValue($expression)
    {
        if ($this->isExpression($expression)) {
            return $this->getValue($expression->getValue($this));
        }

        return $expression;
    }

    /**
     * Get the format for database stored dates.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getDateFormat()
    {
        return 'Y-m-d H:i:s';
    }

    /**
     * Get the grammar's table prefix.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getTablePrefix()
    {
        return $this->tablePrefix;
    }

    /**
     * Set the grammar's table prefix.
     *
     * @param  string  $prefix
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setTablePrefix($prefix)
    {
        $this->tablePrefix = $prefix;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Set the grammar's database connection.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Connection  $connection
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setConnection($connection)
    {
        $this->connection = $connection;

        return $this;
    }
}

.NET Framework

Project Request

ProjectC

Vehicle Maintenance

Movie Navigator

Customers Exchange

ATM

.NET Core

Mail Daemon

Custom

Buns of code

PHP

Mediabox

Loan Castle

Content Management

Laravel

Phone Check

Frontend

Forex Wall

Business projects

Certification Center

Amerikas Auto

Pet projects

Geolocation Assistant

Web Dynamics

Blackball

Good old times

DOS Clock

BrainOut

Airport Administrator

Atomizer

Mediabox